My apologies for not writing in a while. I went to some pretty awesome places recently, but this week was midterm week, so I didn't have much free time to write. Luckily, tests are over now. So it's blog time!
Hamburg, Germany
Friday
From Friday to Saturday last week, I went to Hamburg, Germany with my Holocaust and Genocide class. We left Friday afternoon, drove 6 hours in a bus, and arrived in Hamburg around 10 pm. My friends and I decided we wanted to go check out Hamburg, so we took a taxi to the Red Light District. Although the name sounds like its a really sketchy area, it's actually the most popular street for night life in Hamburg and was PACKED with people. The city of Hamburg and it's surrounding areas have as many people (~5 mill) as all of Denmark... so it was quite different from Copenhagen. The Red Light District is a 1km long street called Reeperbahn that goes a little like this: strip club, bar, sex shop, dance club, brothel, theater, strip club, beer-to-go, sex shop, bar, dance club, strip club. It's one of the most famous streets in the city. Down the center of the street was a huge square where there was an outdoor silent rave!! It was so cool. If you're ever in Hamburg, go to the Red Light District.
A taste of the sex shops here
The silent rave! Pretty hard to see... but maybe you'll get the idea.
(To those who don't know what a silent rave is: A huge crowd of people on a stage who are all wearing headphones. Everyone on stage is listening to the same music, and the DJ is also wearing headphones. To the people passing by, its really entertaining because the headphone people are jumping and singing along to music that you can't hear. It looked like so much fun.)
Saturday
Saturday morning was the start of the academic part of our trip. The class is called Holocaust and Genocide, so we traveled to Hamburg to visit the concentration camp Neuengamme. Neuengamme was a labor camp, and it had one of the highest death tolls of all camps of its kind during the Holocaust-- 50%. Most labor camps had a death toll of 35%. Over 50,000 people were exterminated or died in Neuengamme over the course of the war. In Auschwitz, for comparison, over 2.5 million were exterminated or died. To give you some perspective on the scale of the concentration camp network, over the course of the war, there were some 15,000 camps in Germany and occupied countries, a number that completely shocked me.
This picture shows only the major camps. It's truly unbelievable how many there were.
Before I continue, I'd just like to briefly discuss the discomfort that comes naturally when discussing a subject as heavy and emotionally taxing as genocide. To quote my professor, a genocide historian, on the first day of class, "I don't want you to think that I am an emotionless person because I am able to discuss such a horrid subject with such objectivity. It is not that I am not affected by the topics, but rather that I have been studying them and talking about them for so long that I am comfortable discussing them. While it is natural and perfectly acceptable to become emotional, we have to recognize that being sad does not help anything. We can be as sad as we'd like and extend our sympathies to these people, but that alone accomplishes nothing. If we want to study and to learn, we have to go beyond being sad. Then, and only then, can what you learn be applied to the horrors that are occurring today." I didn't think I could have said it better than him.
Janusz-Korczak School
To start the day on Saturday, we went to Janusz-Korczak School, which was a sub-camp of Neuengamme. Here, 20 Jewish children were used in medical experiments and had the glands under their arm pits surgically removed. When the doctors finished with their experiment, the 20 children were hung by SS officers in the basement of the building. Some of the children had such low body weights that they did not die by hanging. For these children, the SS officers squeezed their bodies until their ribs broke and they died. Their bodies were left in the basement.
Today, the building is used as a public elementary school in Germany. We discussed the ethics of this--a previous murder sight being converted into an elementary school. As my teacher explained, there is no way to travel around Germany without encountering a building or an area that was once a sight of a mass killing. If the Germans didn't convert Nazi-occupied buildings, there would hardly be room for the current population. It can also be seen from an uplifting perspective, that Germans today recognize the historical significance of these sights (there was a memorial plaque by the entrance and memorial garden), but do not want to allow the Nazi regime to still consumed their society, which would happen if they left thousands of buildings abandoned reminding them everyday of the horrors that occurred there.
Neuengamme Concentration Camp
When I first saw the camp, I was surprised by its appearance. It did not look like my mental image of a concentration camp (KZ) . For most people, their mental image of a KZ is one that looks like Auschwitz. In reality, Auschwitz is an extremely special case; it was unlike any other. Neuengamme, however, was a very typical camp--rather small, located just outside a town, and (if not for that it was a KZ) a rather pretty, grassy area. Overall, my experience here was more informative than emotional--quite the opposite of what I predicted. Most of the structures of the camp have been destroyed, such as the barracks, crematorium, and prison. In their place lie cement squares on the ground, marking where they used to stand. Because of this, it took a lot of imagination to picture how this camp looked during the war. The combination of the signs placed around the camp and my teacher's tour of the camp taught me so much. I still struggle to comprehend how people were ever able to survive under the conditions here.
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1) Where the barracks once stood--now symbolically marked with crumbled pieces of brick 2) The brick oven--the main labor task was brick making, since the camp was placed next to a clay creek. The bricks were a huge source of income for the SS.
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3) A railway cart that transported people to the camp. 80 persons were packed into a singular cart for a multi-day journey with a single bucket in the corner for human waste. Those who died on the trip were piled at one end and used as a place to sit.4) The canal that was hand-dug by the prisoners who carried shovels of clay into wheel barrows for the bricks. The prisoners had to dig and carry the clay at a running pace with nothing but watery coffee to eat for breakfast. If they slowed their pace or dropped any clay, they were killed by the overseeing SS officers because they were guilty of "sabotage."
Overall, touring the camp was an uncomfortable and unbelievable experience. Unbelievable because I found it nearly impossible to imagine myself ever living under the conditions at this camp. There is a distinct difference between hearing about the horrors that occurred at concentration camps and standing in the exact place where they occurred. I can not begin to comprehend the level of suffering that occurred here.
Biology of Marine Mammals Lab... Warning: the pictures below are not for those weak in the stomach.
Sunday
I returned from Germany at 10pm on Saturday night, and then I was up at 5am the next day to go to an all-day lab for my Biology of Marine Mammals lab. For this, my 12 fellow classmates and I met at the crack of dawn for a 3.5 hour car ride to Esbjerg, a small city on the western-most shore of mainland Denmark (Copenhagen is located on the eastern-most shore of the eastern-most island of Denmark). Once we arrived, my teacher introduced us to the guests of honor for the day: one porpoise and 4 baby seals--guests that we would be dissecting shortly.
Before you begin to yell at scientists for being horrible people, each of the animals was mercy-killed. Occasionally, a baby seal or porpoise is found alone on the shore, abandoned by its mother. The animals are often sickly, very skinny, and if left alone, die of starvation within a few days. It used to be the policy to rehabilitate the animals and re-release them, but studies have shown that even the rehabilitated animals die shortly after released. Plus there are debates about whether it is correct to tamper with natural selection and extend the life of animals that would, if up to nature, die. Anyway, this was the case for all the animals that we dissected today, so fear not, no one's going around clubbing baby seals for fun.
My teacher dissected the porpoise first to show us the procedure of how it's done. Then, we divided into 4 smaller groups and each group dissected one seal. I've never dissected anything in my life, aside from a worm in my high school bio class, so initially I was thoroughly disgusted. A few times throughout the dissection, I had to step away from the table to give my eyes and nose a rest--it was just too gross not to take a couple breaks. Aside from the smell, however, it was really quite cool to see and hold organs up close and checkout see how everything in the body is connected.
The insides of a porpoise
Afterwards, we got to see real live seals that are kept outside at the museum. They're so cute!!
Sunday... continued
We got home from the lab trip around 9:30pm, and after a 16-hour day, instead of going home and going to sleep like a responsible human being, I met my friends at Tivoli--a magical land of gardens/amusement park rides/delicious restaurants/gorgeous lights--because it was fireworks night! I simply couldn't miss it. Tivoli at night maybe be one of my favorite places to be in Copenhagen. It is absolutely beautiful. And in true Tivoli style, the fireworks were hands-down the most amazing fireworks that I have ever seen. There was music playing, and the fireworks display was perfectly choreographed to the music. It was truly unbelievable. Definitely an excellent decision to chose this over sleep.
The Mosque at Tivloi Fireworks!
I wasn't kidding when I said so many activities....
Monday
I got home from fireworks at Tivoli around midnight, only to have to start my homework that I clearly did not have time to do earlier in the weekend. So finally, at 1:30am, after waking up at 5am, I went to sleep. I was in class straight from 10:00am-6:30pm, and then went back to Tivoli without even stopping home because it was Tivoli's last opening day! (Now it'll only be open for Halloween and before Christmas... sad face). To celebrate, there was a huge, multi-band concert!! 25,000 people were at Tivoli that night, myself included, for an epicly-amazing concert. On the set list was THE SCRIPT!! One of my favorite bands (they sing, "Break Even"). And also Stromae, French singer of "Alors on Danse," and Danish sensation Medina played (who's music by the way I will be bringing back to the states cause she's awesome!!), and a bunch of other popular Danish performers. The concert was so much fun!!
The Script on stage :)
Alas, my crazy weekend of activities came to a close, and in it's place came mid-term week. Luckily, just tuesday and yesterday I cried a little studying, but now I'm done my tests/papers! This Sunday I leave for a week-long trip to Berlin, Germany and Pozan, Poland with my hospital class. I will be writing about them when I return!